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5 known planets · 1,000 light years

Kepler-48

Kepler-48 is a orange dwarf 1,000 light years away, with 5 confirmed planets. Distances and orbital speeds are to scale; the star and planets are enlarged so you can see them.

Day 0
habitable zone (estimate)planet orbits

Green band: where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface. Drag to turn the system, pinch or scroll to zoom.

The star

The star

Kepler-48

Type
orange dwarf
Surface
≈ 5,190 K
Size
0.84 × the Sun
Mass
0.92 × the Sun
Brightness
0.514 × the Sun
Habitable zone
0.556–1.33 AU

The planets

Kepler-48

Kepler-48 b

Year
4.78 days
Distance from star
0.0539 AU
Mass
3.9 Earths
Size
1.9 × Earth
Temperature
≈ 932 K (+659 °C)
Found
2012, transit (Kepler)
Too hot
Kepler-48

Kepler-48 c

Year
9.67 days
Distance from star
0.0863 AU
Mass
15 Earths
Size
2.7 × Earth
Temperature
≈ 736 K (+463 °C)
Found
2012, transit (Kepler)
Too hot
Kepler-48

Kepler-48 d

Year
42.90 days
Distance from star
0.233 AU
Mass
7.9 Earths
Size
2 × Earth
Temperature
≈ 448 K (+175 °C)
Found
2014, transit (Kepler)
Too hot
Kepler-48

Kepler-48 e

Year
2.7 years
Distance from star
1.9 AU
Mass
2.1 Jupiters
Size
13 × Earth
Temperature
≈ 171 K (-102 °C)
Found
2014, radial velocity (W. M. Keck Observatory)
Outside the habitable zone
Kepler-48

Kepler-48 f

Year
14.3 years
Distance from star
5.72 AU
Mass
at least 3e+02 Earths
Size
14 × Earth
Temperature
≈ 96 K (-177 °C)
Found
2023, radial velocity (W. M. Keck Observatory)
Outside the habitable zone

Masses found by the wobble method are minimums, because the orbit's tilt is unknown. Temperatures are equilibrium estimates for a bare planet, before any atmosphere.

How we know

The wobble

The planet tugs its star back and forth. Spectrographs measure the tiny shift in the star's light, which gives the planet's year and a minimum mass.

The shadow

The planet passes in front of its star and dims it by a fraction of a percent, every orbit. The dip gives the planet's size and year.

Sources

  1. Planet and star parameters: NASA Exoplanet Archive, Planetary Systems Composite Parameters, retrieved 1 Nov 2026. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.
  2. Position: HYG Database v4.1 (CC BY-SA 4.0).
  3. Habitable zone: a simple estimate from the star's brightness (√L × 0.95 to 1.67 AU), shown as a guide.
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